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Mối quan hệ giữa trải nghiệm thơ ấu tiêu cực và ý tưởng tự sát ở thanh niên
Abstract
Mục tiêu chính của nghiên cứu này nhằm xem xét mối liên hệ giữa trải nghiệm thơ ấu tiêu cực và ý tưởng tự sát ở thanh niên. Nghiên cứu sử dụng bảng hỏi về 13 trải nghiệm thơ ấu tiêu cực (ACE-IQ) của Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới; thang đo thuộc tính ý tưởng tự sát (SIDAS). Khảo sát trực tuyến trên 381 khách thể thanh niên Việt Nam, sử dụng hồi quy Binary Logistic để kiểm tra mối liên hệ giữa trải nghiệm thơ ấu tiêu cực và ý tưởng tự sát. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ người tham gia có ý tưởng tự sát trong vòng một tháng được tìm thấy là 31,1%. Số lượng trải nghiệm thơ ấu tiêu cực mà khách thể phơi nhiễm và những trải nghiệm riêng lẻ có vai trò dự đoán sự phát triển ý tưởng tự sát. Việc bổ sung thêm mỗi một trải nghiệm tiêu cực sẽ khiến cho tỷ lệ xuất hiện ý tưởng tự sát ở thanh niên cao hơn 1,43 lần (95% CI=[1,288-1,596]). Phơi nhiễm với người thân rối loạn tâm thần/tự sát khiến cho nguy cơ xuất hiện ý tưởng cao hơn 2,51 lần (95% CI=[0,999-6,320]) so với người không có trải nghiệm, bên cạnh đó bỏ bê tình cảm gia tăng 2,02 lần (95% CI=[1,203-3,409]), lạm dụng tình cảm gia tăng 2,2 lần (95% CI=[1,169-4,246]) và bạo lực cộng đồng tăng 0,52 lần (95% CI=[0,275-0,996]). Có sự khác biệt về giới và khu vực sống trong mối quan hệ giữa trải nghiệm thơ âu tiêu cực và ý tưởng tự sát. Từ những kết quả trên, chúng tôi đề xuất việc xây dựng chương trình nhằm tập trung giảm số lượng trải nghiệm trẻ có thể phơi nhiễm nói chung; bên cạnh đó là các chương trình nâng cao nhân thức dành cho phụ huynh về sức khỏe tâm thần của bản thân.
Ngày nhận 01/3/2022; ngày chỉnh sửa 02/6/2022; ngày chấp nhận đăng 30/12/2022
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/vjossh.v8i6.2105
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