Adapting the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-being: a 28-Item Vietnamese Version for University Students

Raul Calderon Jr, Nguyen Thi Nga, Truong Quang Tien, Bui Thi Tu Quyen, Nguyen Hoang Minh Thuan, Vu Viet Bao

Abstract


Research in psychological well-being and correlates to general health have blossomed in the last 20-25 years. However, little research exists in health and psychological well-being of the Vietnamese population, partially due to a lack of valid and reliable research instruments available in the Vietnamese language. This study aimed to produce a short, valid and reliable research instrument in Vietnamese to assess the psychological well-being of university students. The 54-item Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-being (RSPWB), a widely used and validated instrument, was the instrument of choice. A research questionnaire, which included the RSPWB, was translated and completed by 253 Vietnamese undergraduate students (18-27 years of age). Analyses included the use of partial least squares, structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) - a second generation statistical technique for testing complex path models, to evaluate the validity and reliability of the 54 items. As a result of the research, the PLS-SEM analyses produced a multidimensional model with six factors (autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, personal growth, positive relations with others, and self-acceptance) and 28 items that demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity and reliability. Moreover, the 28-item Vietnamese version of the RSPWB supported the same multidimensional six-factor structure as proposed in the original RSPWB. In conclusion, the adapted 28-item Vietnamese version of the RSPWB is shorter in length, has good psychometric properties, and helps to fill a current gap of available research instruments for advancing the current understanding of psychological well-being and relationships to health in Vietnamese university students. 

Received !6th January 2019 ; Revised 15th April 2019; Accepted 23rd April 2019


Keywords


Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-being; Vietnam; University Students; Validation; PLS-SEM.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/vjossh.v5i2.452

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